Try Growing Plants From Cuttings
2020-11-09
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1People who are good at growing plants know that it is possible to plant what seems to be a lifeless stick and produce a tree or other kind of plant.
2The stick is a really what is called a hardwood cutting.
3From these cuttings, trees, vines and shrubs can grow.
4They are called "hardwood" because the pieces are woody rather than leafy.
5Not every woody plant will take root and start to grow from hardwood cuttings.
6Gardeners can expect close to 100 percent success with plants such as grape, currant, gooseberry, privet, spiraea and honeysuckle.
7However, this method does not work with apple, maple or oak trees, for example.
8Because they lack leaves, hardwood cuttings are less perishable than "softwood cuttings."
9They have leaves that can dry out rooting stems before roots can form.
10If you want to develop a "green thumb" - or get really good at growing plants -- start your effort with hardwood cuttings of willow.
11Willow trees often spread from branches that take root on top of the ground through the winter.
12Most other plants demand a little more attention.
13The autumn is a good time to start hardwood cuttings.
14Step back and look at the plant.
15Choose some shoots that grew during the most recent growing season -- the youngest shoots.
16Choose ones that are not too fat or too thin.
17Cut the shoots to a length of about 15 centimeters.
18The cut at the top should be just above a node where a leaf was attached.
19The cut at the bottom should be just below a swollen node.
20Make sure you remember which end was up - the end that is farther from the root.
21Experts do this by cutting the bottoms off squarely and the tops at an angle so they avoid mistakes during planting.
22Then, place the bottom of each cutting into some well-drained soil.
23It should be deep enough so that only the top node still shows.
24If you plant cuttings in autumn, cover the area with mulch to keep the soil warmer and to prevent the freezing and warming of the ground from harming the cuttings during the winter.
25If you plant the cuttings in a temporary planting bed, the rooted plants should be ready to move to their permanent homes by the next autumn.
26It is possible to plant the cuttings in the ground in spring, too.
27Experts like fall planting more because the cuttings have a chance to take root before the tops start growing leaves in spring.
28New shoots cannot grow until after they have experienced winter cold.
29Spring planted cuttings often begin new top growth before root growth begins.
30The shoots soon find there are no roots to sustain them.
31Then, they fail to survive.
32If you have to plant in the spring, the cuttings need to be kept cool and wet through the winter.
33The traditional storage method is to place the cuttings together and bury them upside down in the soil.
34This lets the bottoms of the cuttings be first to feel the warming effects of spring sun on the ground.
35This method also prevents untimely shoot growth because they are buried deeper in cold ground.
36A refrigerator also works.
37Put the cuttings in a closed plastic bag, put a wet paper towel around the bag, and then put the whole thing in another plastic bag.
38And, plant the cuttings as early as possible in spring, as soon as winter's extra wetness has dried from the ground.
39I'm Alice Bryant. And I'm Mario Ritter.
1People who are good at growing plants know that it is possible to plant what seems to be a lifeless stick and produce a tree or other kind of plant. 2The stick is a really what is called a hardwood cutting. From these cuttings, trees, vines and shrubs can grow. They are called "hardwood" because the pieces are woody rather than leafy. 3Not every woody plant will take root and start to grow from hardwood cuttings. Gardeners can expect close to 100 percent success with plants such as grape, currant, gooseberry, privet, spiraea and honeysuckle. However, this method does not work with apple, maple or oak trees, for example. 4Because they lack leaves, hardwood cuttings are less perishable than "softwood cuttings." They have leaves that can dry out rooting stems before roots can form. 5If you want to develop a "green thumb" - or get really good at growing plants -- start your effort with hardwood cuttings of willow. Willow trees often spread from branches that take root on top of the ground through the winter. Most other plants demand a little more attention. 6How to make cuttings 7The autumn is a good time to start hardwood cuttings. Step back and look at the plant. Choose some shoots that grew during the most recent growing season -- the youngest shoots. Choose ones that are not too fat or too thin. 8Cut the shoots to a length of about 15 centimeters. The cut at the top should be just above a node where a leaf was attached. The cut at the bottom should be just below a swollen node. Make sure you remember which end was up - the end that is farther from the root. Experts do this by cutting the bottoms off squarely and the tops at an angle so they avoid mistakes during planting. 9Then, place the bottom of each cutting into some well-drained soil. It should be deep enough so that only the top node still shows. If you plant cuttings in autumn, cover the area with mulch to keep the soil warmer and to prevent the freezing and warming of the ground from harming the cuttings during the winter. If you plant the cuttings in a temporary planting bed, the rooted plants should be ready to move to their permanent homes by the next autumn. 10Storing cuttings 11It is possible to plant the cuttings in the ground in spring, too. Experts like fall planting more because the cuttings have a chance to take root before the tops start growing leaves in spring. New shoots cannot grow until after they have experienced winter cold. 12Spring planted cuttings often begin new top growth before root growth begins. The shoots soon find there are no roots to sustain them. Then, they fail to survive. 13If you have to plant in the spring, the cuttings need to be kept cool and wet through the winter. The traditional storage method is to place the cuttings together and bury them upside down in the soil. This lets the bottoms of the cuttings be first to feel the warming effects of spring sun on the ground. This method also prevents untimely shoot growth because they are buried deeper in cold ground. 14A refrigerator also works. Put the cuttings in a closed plastic bag, put a wet paper towel around the bag, and then put the whole thing in another plastic bag. And, plant the cuttings as early as possible in spring, as soon as winter's extra wetness has dried from the ground. 15I'm Alice Bryant. And I'm Mario Ritter. 16Lee Reich reported this story for the Associated Press. Mario Ritter Jr. adapted it for VOA Learning English. Ashley Thompson was the editor. 17_______________________________________________________________ 18Words in This Story 19vine -n. a plant with very long stems that grows along the ground or around something 20shrub -n. a plant with stems and wood but is smaller than a tree 21perishable -adj. likely to spoil or decay quickly 22stem -n. a long thin part of a plant that rises above the ground and supports leaves or flowers 23vigor -n. strength, energy or the ability to grow and move 24node -n. a small round growth on a plant stem where a leaf grows 25mulch -n. usually an organic plant material that is used to spread over the ground in a garden to prevent weeds and protect plant roots 26drain - v. to remove liquid from something 27refrigerator - n. a household device used to keep food cold 28towel - n. a cloth used to dry things 29We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments section, and visit our Facebook page.